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SELECT disease_id, disease_name FROM disease_descriptions WHERE language_id = '2' AND MATCH (disease_name, disease_description, disease_treatment, disease_complications, disease_prevention, other_info) AGAINST ('+Urticarias are definitely the most frequent skin diseases – they concern about 15 – 30% of population. It is a group of diseases caused by various factors, but presenting similar changes on skin. Characteristic are their two types – quickly developing, itching blisters, which disappear maximally during the following several hours and swelling of subcutaneous layer (vasculomotor Quincke's oedema) concerning deeper tissues, and also mucous membranes. In about half of cases both types of changes occur simultaneously, 40% of patients have blisters only, 10% the oedema only. Mechanism of urticaria changes formation is connected with arousal of immune system (immunologic). Released substances (mediators) by its cells cause dilation of vessels, increase permeability of their walls and serum gets through to tissues. Factor which initiates this chain of events can be identified in 40% of cases only. The rest urticarias are enlisted to the so called idiopathic, where determination of the cause of changes is impossible. As has already mentioned, skin symptoms of urticarias are blisters and oedema of subcutaneous tissues. The first ones are pink or porcelain with erythematous border. They appear and grow fast, disappear usually during the following several hours. Their size ranges from a few millimetres to even several centimetres. Sometimes on skin only one blister of significant sizes can be found. Such change is named giant urticaria. Quincke’s oedema appears less suddenly, is usually localised within eyelids, lips, ears, sexual organs and hands. Changes maintain from few hours to few days, can be accompanied by small burning, but never by pruritus, such characteristic for blisters. Swelled skin is pale and tense. Urticarias in dependence from time of duration are divided into acute and chronic. The differentiating border is 6 weeks from the moment of occurrence of first symptoms. The separate group are o called episodic urticarias (intermittent), when the course of disease can be characterised by variously long lasting periods without skin changes. Factors evoking responsible for urticaria changes reaction of the immune system can be divided on few groups. One of the biggest is food allergens. Some of them (fish, milk, nuts, eggs, some fruit and vegetables) act by activation of specific immune proteins (immunoglobulines of E class), other (tuna, mackerel) contain special substances (mediators, mainly histamine) which directly stimulate the cells of immune system. Also substances used to colorization and conservation of food products may cause allergy. The next, big group of urticarias evoking factors are drugs and other substances used in medicine. Allergic reactions to penicillin, opioids (morphine, codeine), polimyxine M, radiological contrast media, aspirin and other antyinflammatory drugs, and also immune serums containing xenogenic protein (i.e. serum administered after viper’s bite) are the most commonly observed. Superficial allergens (acting on surface of skin or mucous membranes of respiratory system) are the next, important group of factors responsible for urticarias formation. Mainly fur and epithelium of domestic animals, feathers, pollens, dust and acarus, some fabrics, cosmetics, and also insects’ venom are here included. About 15 to 20% of chronic urticarias are caused by action of physical factors on the skin. They appear quickly (to few hours) and localise accurately in exposed place. Such reaction may appear after mechanic injury (i.e. after scratching), long term pressure or cold. ') AND disease_id <> '128' LIMIT 8

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