Bone marrow examination (bone marrow biopsy) is performed within the limits of oncological diagnostics to establish neoplastic infiltration of bone marrow in course of many solid tumours. Also – in case of tumours of the hemopoietic system - to make diagnosis (leukaemias, myelomas) or eliminate the advancement in grade IV (lymphomas). Performance of this examination is indicated also in case of difficulties in explanation of the cause of leucopoenia or thrombocytopenia and anaemia, which cannot be explained by typical cause (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, serious infections).

Bone marrow biopsy is performed with Jamshid needle from both iliac crests (bilateral aspiration increases sensitiveness of examination) in local anaesthesia (trepanobiopsy). Cube of material, which the biggest size should not be smaller than 2 cm, is taken. Material collection from puncture of the sternum is not recommended with regard to high probability of no material to examination obtainment and also with regard to risk connected with frequent occurrence of osteopenia (bone mass loss) in patients with tumours.

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